1. Safety operating procedures for graders
Things before operation
1. Understand the operation content and construction in detail Technical requirements and carefully check all locations of various station numbers in the work area.
2. Check whether there are any obstacles or other factors that endanger safe operation around the grader, and let irrelevant personnel leave the operation area.
3. According to the daily maintenance requirements, carefully check whether the grader has any loose parts, missing parts, excessive wear, mud and sand accumulation, etc.
4. Check whether the hydraulic oil and other oils and various functional parts are normal.
Requirements during operation
1. The time to start the engine should not exceed 30 seconds. If you need to start it again, you must turn the key to the off position and wait for 2 minutes before starting it again.
2. If there is an alarm signal or alarm sound during the operation, the operation must be stopped and the operation can be continued after the problem is repaired and eliminated.
3. After the engine is started, the readings of each instrument must be within the allowable range. The cold start switch must not be operated while the engine is running, otherwise it will cause serious damage to the engine.
4. Do not put your foot on the clutch or brake pedal when driving the grader. The clutch must be used for starting, stopping and turning.
5. During operation, the scraper should be raised and the width of the grader should be maintained to ensure that the front wheel does not touch the scraper when turning.
6. When the engine is running at high speed, do not switch to a lower gear to avoid damaging the transmission.
7. When turning, or when turning with a shaft drive wheel, the differential must not be locked. The front wheel can be tilted to reduce the turning radius of the grader, but it cannot be used at high speeds to prevent sharp reaction forces. The front wheel should be in a vertical position after turning.
8. When working on steep slopes, the articulated frame must not be used to prevent the vehicle from overturning and causing serious human and machine injuries when working back and forth on steep slopes. The scraper should always point downhill.
9. If the parking brake is applied in an emergency, the parking brake can be used again.
10. When the grader is operating, the angle between the scraper and the center line of the frame should be within the range of 15-75.
11. When the ground is flat on the left and right sides, swing the turntable handle sideways to slightly offset the turntable and traction frame to the left and right of the frame. Place the scraper horizontally at the required soil cutting depth, tilt the front wheel to the left and right, and stack the soil. The material is formed outside the left and right double drive wheels.
12. Once the scraping operationInitially, you can use the increase and decrease switch “slope tracking controller” to lift, so that the soil can be brought out of the scraper.
13. When working on the left and right starting points on the “S”-shaped curved road shoulder, the front wheels need to be tilted slightly to the left and right. When turning right and left, set the knife tip behind the outside of the left and right front wheels. When the ground is flat, always keep the tip of the knife on the edge of the shoulder close to the gutter.
14. When working on a high slope, you should ensure that the double-shaft drive wheel is close to the foot of the slope, and at the same time, allow the turntable and scraper to move sideways toward the working side of the grader as much as possible.
15. When making a road crown, first pile the road materials in the center of the road, tilt the grader scraper forward at an angle of 60-70 degrees, slightly lift the blade tail, and move the grader to both sides along the scraper.
16. When performing road maintenance work, you should ensure that the turntable is centered, the scraper is at an angle of 30 degrees to the center line of the tool holder, and the scraper is tilted backwards to maximize the scraper’s cutting ability to remove ridges and grooves, toward the center of the road. When working, the front wheel tilts toward the tail side of the knife.
Requirements after operation
1. Park the grader on level ground, put the transmission in neutral, apply the parking brake, and the scraper and Lower the accessory working device to the ground, but do not apply downward pressure to reduce the pressure on the hydraulic cylinder. Turn off the engine, pull the battery switch to the off position, and remove the ignition key.
2. Carry out maintenance on the grader after operation in accordance with the warranty regulations.
2. Precautions for using the grader
1. When using the grader, the scraper or ripper must be lowered until the machine starts. The ground should be slowly loaded with load to avoid difficulty in starting or even damage to the machine parts. In order to avoid excessively long idle driving, the scraper or ripper can be lowered to a position close to the ground before starting. In order to make the scraper have a larger cutting pressure per unit length, a larger rotation angle should be used as much as possible.
2. When the soil is hard, in order to reduce cutting resistance, a smaller scraping angle can be used. If you want to improve the leveling accuracy or material and effect, the scraping angle can be slightly larger. The scraper rotation angle, soil scraping angle and machine external tilt can only be adjusted when the machine is parked, but the left and right extension of the scraper can be carried out during operation. When the scraper is raised and lowered, the left and right lifting levers should be gradually pulled, but do not adjust too much, otherwise the machine will be overloaded and slip, causing the working surface to be uneven.
3. When working on the edge of the newly filled roadbed, in order to prevent collapse, the distance between the grader and the edge of the roadbed should be at least 1 meter. When working on a slope, the front wheels should be in a vertical position to obtain good adhesion with the help of the tilt of the front wheels. When the cross slope is greater than 10 degrees, it is strictly prohibited to use a grader for operation. When performing cutting and scraping operations, or when shoveling soil with a knife edge or using a ripper, the low speed gear should be engaged; when performing scraping operations on floating soil, the low speed gear should be engaged; When performing scraping operations on floating soil, medium speed block.
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